After the deaths of his nephew Germanicus in 19 AD and his son Drusus in 23, Tiberius became reclusive and aloof. Nevertheless, he proved to be an effective and efficient administrator.
Tiberius seems to have taken on the responsibilities of head of state with great reluctance, and perhaps a genuine sense of inadequacy in the role, compared to the capable, self-confident and charismatic Augustus.įrom the outset, Tiberius had a difficult, resentful relationship with the senate, and suspected many plots against him. On Augustus' death in 14, Tiberius became princeps at the age of 55. Tiberius adopted his nephew, the able and popular Germanicus, as heir. This second marriage proved scandalous, deeply unhappy, and childless Julia was sent into exile. After Agrippa died, Augustus insisted that Tiberius divorce Vipsania and marry his own daughter (Tiberius' step-sister) Julia. Prior to this, Tiberius had proved himself an able diplomat, and one of the most successful Roman generals: his conquests of Pannonia, Dalmatia, Raetia, and (temporarily) parts of Germania laid the foundations for the empire's northern frontier.Įarly in his career, Tiberius was happily married to Vipsania, daughter of Augustus' friend, distinguished general and intended heir, Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa. Following the untimely deaths of Augustus' two grandsons and adopted heirs, Gaius and Lucius Caesar, Tiberius was designated Augustus' successor. His father was the politician Tiberius Claudius Nero and his mother was Livia Drusilla, who would eventually divorce his father, and marry the future-emperor Augustus in 38 BC. He reigned from AD 14 until 37, succeeding his stepfather, the first Roman emperor Augustus. Tiberius Caesar Augustus ( / t aɪ ˈ b ɪər i ə s/ 16 November 42 BC – 16 March AD 37) was the second Roman emperor.
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